The following list of references was compiled by Dr Jerry Bouquot and gratefully received. I pass it on for your information and to make you aware of the enormous amount of literature relating to cavitations. Interestingly the dental profession refuses to acknowledge that these peer reviewed, published, scientific papers even exist.
NICO Activities in the 1990s
The activities listed below relate to osteonecrosis of the jaws (NICO: Neuralgia-Inducing Cavitational Osteonecrosis) and are updated to February, 1998. They include only those activities known to Dr. Bouquot.
NICO is included (albeit under sometimes different names) in at least eight current dental and medical textbooks, including the standard textbook of oral pathology, the standard textbook of oral radiology, both of the standard textbooks of endodontics, one of the standard textbooks of facial/jaw pain, and one of the standard textbooks of headache/facial pain. It will shortly be included in a textbook of pathology of the head and neck region and an oral surgery text, both published by major publishing houses.
More than 27 jawbone osteonecrosis/NICO papers have been published in peer-reviewed journals since the first papers in 1979. The multi-center group working with Dr. Bouquot has published 8 of these since 1992. A well respected medical journal featured the disease as its cover story.
More than 40 original research papers on NICO have been accepted for presentation, after peer review, to scientific meetings of national and international organizations since 1989; these organizations have represented a variety of medical and dental specialties, including oral pathology, oral surgery, laboratory medicine, orofacial pain, orthopedic surgery, among others.
At least 28 abstracts of original NICO research have been published in peer-reviewed journals since 1989.
NICO papers represented 15% of all original, peer-reviewed research papers at an annual meeting of one of the nation’s two most respected facial pain organizations.
A NICO paper was given the highest award for excellence in original research by the American Association of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery.
Invited NICO seminars have been presented to more than 11 national and international organizations, including the American Academy of Orofacial Pain, The American College of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons, the American Association of Head, Neck & Facial Pain, the International Academy of Oral Medicine & Toxicology, and the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons.
More than 20 invited seminars on NICO have been presented at U.S. and European university medical centers and major teaching hospitals in the past several years.
The first national NICO Symposium (2 ½ days) was held in Indianapolis, Indiana in 1995. The second symposium is scheduled for the summer of 1998 in Columbus, Ohio.
The NICO Part I Handout has been distributed, by request, to more than 7,000 professionals (via individual requests, distribution at national and international meetings, inclusion in organizational newsletters, etc).
NICO questions have been included on national dental specialty exams (board certifying exams).
A microscopic example of NICO has been included in the Continuing Competency Exam offered to oral pathologists at an annual meeting of the American Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology.
A NICO paper was presented by invitation to the Fifth International Symposium on Osteonecrosis, sponsored by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgery.
Two international authorities on coagulopathy have coauthored papers dealing with clotting disorders in NICO; two of the international authorities on osteonecrosis of the hip have been coauthors on NICO papers. NICO has been the subject of theses from two universities.
Students from Guy’s Hospital in London, England have been sent to the Maxillofacial Center, Morgantown, WV, to study and research NICO.
NICO cases have been presented, by request, to a national coagulopathy seminar sponsored by the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
The Latvala Inflammatory Bone Tissue Registry of The Maxillofacial Center includes hundreds of cases of NICO diagnosed by other pathologists, either before or after Dr. Bouquot became involved in the case. Almost all were called osteomyelitis, osteonecrosis or some variation on those themes by the other pathologists, very few were called “normal bone.”
The faculty of seven university medical centers have been or are presently involved in active research on this disease; two medical center labs have established a battery of coagulopathy tests to identify clotting dysfunctions in NICO patients and one has established a neurotoxicology assay lab to evaluate NICO tissue samples.
Extremely strong neurotoxicity has been found in virtually all NICO cases assayed independently by a biochemist from the University of Kentucky.
An ultrasonic diagnostic tool for NICO has been developed by an engineering firm in New Mexico. The company, whose President is a NICO patient, has sought FDA approval for the machine, called the Cavitate, and commercial models will be available in the spring of 1998. It looks extremely promising.
Columbia Scientific has modified its spiral CT scan data analysis program to create a “NICO scan” which is now in beta testing.
Independent investigations in California and Indiana are evaluating the use of SPECT Scans (99tech/67galium scans) to identify and localize NICO sites. An NIH research paper presented to the International Association for Dental Research found SPECT scan “hot spots” in 75% of chronic facial pain patients – in the quadrant of the facial pain. A similar paper published in the J Amer Dent Assoc found tenderness and elevated mucosal temperatures in the areas of chronic facial pain in another group of patients. Unfortunately, biopsies were not performed in the latter two studies.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati and Indiana University have found major pain reduction with the use of anticoagulants in almost half of a group of biopsy-proven NICO patients with proven coagulopathies.
ISCHEMIC OSTEONECROSIS — REVIEW OF REFERENCES
Compiled by the Maxillofacial Center for Diagnostics & Research
Morgantown, West Virginia Listings within each category are in chronologic order.
The Classics
1. Black GV. A work on special dental pathology. 2nd ed. Chicago: Medico-Dental Publ Co, 1920. (probably the first textbook description of jawboneosteonecrosis, author called it “chronic osteitis” in contradistinction to osteomyelitis; mentions “cavity” formation and slow death of bone “cell by cell”)
2. Phemister, DB. Repair of bone in the presence of aseptic necrosis
resulting from fractures, transplantations, and vascular obstruction. J Bone Joint Surg 1930; 769-778. (first use of the word “cavitation” in a bone disease; first true understanding of the disease as a blood flow problem instead of infection)
3. Goff CW. Legg-Calve-Perthes syndrome and related osteochondroses of youth. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1954. (first textbook review of osteonecrosis of the hip in young persons)
4. Bender JB, Seltzer S: Roentgenographic and direct observation of
experimental lesions in bone. J Am Dent Assoc 1961; 62:152-160, 708-716. (description of complete lack of radiographic changes in jawbones before and after the removal of almost all cancellous bone; warning that “normal ” radiographs may be false negatives)
5. Enlow DH. Osteocyte necrosis in normal bone. J Dent Res 1966; 45:213. (first reference to mild, multifocal osteonecrosis as a common ischemic phenomenon of aging; used monkey jaws)
6. Beckman EL, Elliott DH (editors). Dysbarism-related osteonecrosis,
proceedings of a symposium on dysbaric osteonecrosis. Washington DC: U.S. Dept Health Educ Welfare, 1974:117-132. (first textbook to deal exclusively with animal and human aspects of pressure-change induced osteonecrosis)
7. Aegerter E, Kirkpatrick JA. Orthopedic diseases; physiology, pathology, radiology, 4th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1975. (first detailed review of hip osteonecrosis in a standard orthopedic text)
8. McCallum R. Dysbaric osteonecrosis: aseptic necrosis of bone. In: Bennett PB, Elliott DH (editors). The physiology and medicine of diving and compressed air work. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins Co., 1975:504-521. (good review of an occupation-induced osteonecrosis)
9. Adler E. Neural focal dentistry. Houston, Texas: Multi-Discipline Research Foundation, 1984 (1st German ed.=1976). (first medical text to discuss jawbone examples of osteonecrosis/osteomyelitis; unfortunately, no biopsies were performed on the patients; unusual book)
10. Ficat RP, Arlet J. Ischemia and necrosis of bone. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1980. (translated from the 1977 text, Ischemie et necrose osseuses, this is the standard which opened up the field of modern research into osteonecrosis of the hip)
11. Katz JF (editor). Symposium: Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Clin Orthop Rel Res 1980; 150:2-124. (review of research papers from symposium of osteonecrosis in young people)
Osteonecrosis Below the Clavicles — Contemporary Textbooks & Theses
1. Bennington JL. Surgical pathology of bone marrow–core biopsy diagnosis.0Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1985.
2. Griffiths ID. Osteonecrosis. In: Scott JT (editor). Copeman’s textbook of the rheumatic diseases, 6th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1986:1207-1228.
3. Jones JP Jr. Osteonecrosis. In: McCarty D (editor). Arthritis and allied conditions: a textbook of rheumatology, 11th ed. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1989, pp 1545-1562. (good general review by an internationally recognized expert)
4. Arlet J, Mazieres B (editors). Bone circulation and bone necrosis.
Proceedings of the Ivth International Symposium on Bone Circulation, Toulouse (France), 17th-19th September, 1987. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990. (the definitive work to date; this book sets the standards)
5. Hungerford DS. Diagnosis and treatment of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. In: Mc Evarts C (editor). Surgery of the musculoskeletal system, 2nd edition. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1990: vol 3: 2757-2794.
6. Ono K (editor). Symposium: recent advances in avascular osteonecrosis. Clin Orthopaedics Related Res 277:2-138, 1992. (summary of research papers of the Second International Symposium on Osteonecrosis)
7. Steinberg ME, Steinberg DR. Osteonecrosis. In: Kelly WN, Harris ED Jr, Ruddy S, Sledge CB (editors). Textbook of rheumatology, 4th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1993:1628-1650.
8. Mazieres B. Osteonecrosis. In: Klippel JH, Dieppe PA (editors).
Rheumatology. St. Louis: Mosby; 1994:41.1-41.8.
9. Sweet DE, Madewell JE. Osteonecrosis: pathogenesis. In: Resnick D (editor). Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1995: 3445-3494. (detailed review in the encyclopedic radiology text)
10. Rywlin AM. Histopathology of the bone marrow. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1996:153-190.
11. Strauchen, JA. Diagnostic histopathology of the bone marrow. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
12. Bullough, PG. Orthopaedic pathology. 3rd edition. Baltimore: Mosby-Wolfe, 1997. (today’s best reference on the histopathology of osteonecrosis and related entities of bone)
13. Jones JP Jr. Osteonecrosis. In: Koopman WJ (ed). Arthritis and allied conditions; a textbook of rheumatology, 13th edition. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1997:1923-1942. (good general review by an internationally recognized expert, one of the first to recognize potential coagulopathies in osteonecrosis)
14. Urbaniak JR, Jones, JP Jr (eds). Osteonecrosis — etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; Chicago, Illinois, 1997. (summary of a 1996 international symposium)
Maxillofacial Osteonecrosis — Contemporary Textbooks & Theses
1. Raskin NH. Headache, 2nd ed. New York, New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1988. (suggests evaluation for jawbone cavitations in atypical facial pain patients in one of the standard texts)
2. Byron MA. A clinicopathologic review of 2,278 NICO cases (neuralgia- inducing cavitational osteonecrosis). Master’s Thesis (Endodontics). Morgantown, West Virginia: West Virginia University, 1994.
3. Cohen S, Burns RC. Pathways of the pulp, 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1994: 57. (brief mention to check for “cavitations” if the evaluation of standard causes of facial pain doesn’t give an answer; this is today’s most popular endodontic text in the U.S.)
4. Ingle JI, Bakland LK. Endodontics, 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1994: 581-582. (detailed review of jawbone osteonecrosis from the endodontic perspective; this appears to be the second most popular endodontic text in the U.S. )
5. Langlais RP, Langland OE, Nortje CJ. Diagnostic imaging of the jaws. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1994:393-395. (radiographic features of osteonecrosis of the jaws, in the latest version of the “bible” of oral radiology)
6. Neville B, Damm D, Allen C, Bouquot J. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1995:631-632. (detailed review of jawbone osteonecrosis in facial pain patients; this is the most popular oral pathology text today)
7. Hardin JF (editor). Clark’s Clinical Dentistry, revised edition, vol 1.
St. Louis; Mosby, 1996. (brief mention to check for “cavitations” if the
evaluation of standard causes of facial pain doesn’t give an answer)
8. Nicol K, Klingman J, Holt J, et al. Ultrasonic gum/jaw bone detection instrument. Thesis. Socorro, New Mexico: New Mexico Institute of Mining & Technology, 1996. (evaluation of efficacy and safety of using ultrasound to identify osteonecrosis cavitations in pig jawbones)
9. Sapp JP, Eversole LR, Wysocki GP. Contemporary oral and maxillofacial pathology. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997. (references NICO histopathology paper for its chronic osteomyelitis review)
10. Glueck CJ, Freiberg R, Gruppo R. Thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis: reversible pathogenetic etiologies of osteonecrosis. Urbaniak JR, Jones, JP Jr (editors). Osteonecrosis: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; Chicago, Illinois; 1997:105-110. (detailed description of the coagulation disorders found in a majority of patients with maxillofacial and other osteonecrosis types)
11.Odell EW, Morgan PR. Biopsy pathology of the oral tissues. London: Chapman & Hall, 1998: 268-270. (good histopathologic description in a text written for medical pathologists)
Osteonecrosis of the Head & Neck — Peer Reviewed Papers
(excludes osteoradionecrosis papers)
1. Ratner EJ, Person P, Kleinman DJ. Severe arm pain associated with
pathological bone cavity of maxilla. Lancet 1978:106-107.
2. Ratner EJ, Person P, Kleinman DJ, et al. Jawbone cavities and trigeminal and atypical facial neuralgias. Oral Surg 1979; 48:3-20.
3. Roberts AM, Person P. Etiology and treatment of idiopathic trigeminal and atypical facial neuralgias. Oral Surg 1979; 48:298-308.
4. Shaber EP, Krol AJ. Trigeminal neuralgia — a new treatment concept. Oral Surg 1980; 49:286-293, 1980.
5. Mathis BJ, Oatis GW, Grisius RJ. Jaw bone cavities associated with facial pain syndromes: case reports. Milit Med 1981; 146:719-723.
6. Jiao X, Meng Q. [The influence of pathologic bone cavity of jaw bone on the etiopathology of trigeminal neuralgia.] Acta Acad Med Sichuan 1981; 12:243-247.
7. Wang M, Xiwei J, Qingrong I, Sanyou Z. [A study of the relation between the various trigger zones of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia and jaw bone cavities.] Acta Acad Med Sichuan 1982; 13:233-238.
8. Wang M, Jiao X, Meng Q, et al. [Localization method in the diagnosis of the pathological jaw bone cavity.] Acta Acad Med Sichuan 1982; 13:341-344.
9. Grecko VE, Puzin MN. [Odontogenic trigeminal neuralgia] Zh Nevropathol Psikhiatr 1984; 84(11):1655-1658.
10. Roberts AM, Person P, Chandran NB, Hori JM. Further observations on dental parameters of trigeminal and atypical facial neuralgias. Oral Surg 1984 ; 58:121-129.
11. Ratner EJ, Langer B, Evins ML. Alveolar cavitational osteopathosis
manifestations of an infectious process and its implication in the causation of chronic pain. J Periodontol 1986; 57:593-603.
12. Lanigan DT, Hey JH, West RA. Aseptic necrosis following maxillary
osteotomies: report of 36 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1990; 48:142-156.
13. Segall RO, Del Rio CE. Cavitational bone defect: a diagnostic challenge. J Endo 1991; 17:396-400.
14. Bouquot JE, Roberts AM, Person P, Christian J. NICO (neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis): osteomyelitis in 224 jawbone samples from patients with facial neuralgias. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1992; 73:307-319.
15. McMahon RE, Adams W, Spolnik K. Diagnostic anesthesia for referred trigeminal pain, Parts I & II. Compendium Cont Educ Dent 1992; 11:870-881, 980-997.
16. Chuong R, Piper MA. Avascular necrosis of the mandibular condyle:
pathogenesis and concepts of management. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1993; 75:428-432.
17. Shankland WE. Osteocavitational lesions (Ratner bone cavities): frequently misdiagnosed as trigeminal nerualgia-a case report. J Craniomand Pract 1993;
11:232-234.
18. Hardoff R, Gips S, Uri N, Front A, Tamir A. Semiquantitative skull planar and SPECT bone scintigraphy in diabetic patients: differentiation of necrotizing (malignant) external otitis from severe external otitis. J Nucl Med 1994; 35:411-415.
19. Wormald PJ. Surgical management of benign necrotizing otitis externa. J Laryngol Otol 1994; 108:101-105.
20. Bouquot JE, Christian J. Long-term effects of jawbone curettage on the pain of facial neuralgia; treatment results in neuralgia-inducing Cavitational osteonecrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995; 53:387-397.
21. Brown RS, Hinderstein B, Reynolds DC, et al. Using anesthetic localization to diagnose oral and dental pain. J Amer Dent Assoc 1995; 126: 633-641.
22. Chuong R, Piper MA, Boland TJ. Osteonecrosis of the mandibular condyle, pathophysiology and core decompression. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995; 79:539-545.
23. McMahon RE, Griep J, Marfurt CP, et al. Local anesthetic effects in the presence of chronic osteomyelitis/necrosis of the mandible: implications for localizing the etiologic sites of referred trigeminal pain. J Craniomand Pract 1995; 13:212-226.
24. Shankland WE. Craniofacial pain syndromes that mimic temporomandibular joint disorders. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1995; 24:104-106. 25. Brown CR. Pain management: NICO. Pract Perio Aesth Dent 1996; 8:916. 26. Damm DD, Fantasia JE. Recurrent severe mandibular pain. Gen Dent 1996; Mar/Apr:120,171.
27. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Bouquot JE, et al. Thrombophilia, hypofibrinolysis and osteonecrosis of the jaws. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1996; 81:557-566.
28. Gruppo R, Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, et al. The pathophysiology of
osteonecrosis of the jaw: anticardiolipin antibodies, thrombophilia, and
hypofibrinolysis. J Lab Clin Med 1996; 127:481-488.
29. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Bouquot JE, et al. Heterozygosity for the Leiden mutation V gene, a common pathoetiology for osteonecrosis of the jaw with thrombophilia augmented by exogenous estrogens. J Lab Clin Med 1997; 130:540-543.
30. Glueck CJ, McMahon R, Bouquot J, et al. A preliminary pilot study of treatment of thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis and amelioration of the pain of osteonecrosis of the jaws. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 85:64-73.
Osteonecrosis of the Head & Neck — Published Abstracts, Letters, Etc.
1. Ratner EJ, Person P, Kleinman DJ. Oral pathology and trigeminal
neuralgia. I. Clinical experiences. J Dent Res 1976; 55:299. (research
abstract)
2. Shklar G, Person P, Ratner E. Oral pathology and trigeminal neuralgia. II. Histopathologic observations. J Dent Res 1976; 55(B):299. (research abstract)
3. Socransky SS, Stone C, Ratner E. Oral pathology and trigeminal neuralgia. III. Microbiologic examination. J Dent Res 1976; 55(B):300. (research abstract)
4. Demerath RR, Sist T. Treatment of osteocavitation lesions in facial pain patients: preliminary results. J Dent Res 1982; 61:218. (research abstract)
5. Raskin NH: Atypical facial pain. Proceedings of Annual Meeting, American Association for the Study of Headache; Quebec, Canada, June, 1987. (research abstract)
6. Bouquot JE, Roberts AM, Person, P, Christian J. The histopathology of neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis (NICO). J Dent Res 1989; 68:952. (research abstract)
7. Bouquot J, Christian J. Long-term effects of jawbone curettage on the pain of facial neuralgia; treatment results in neuralgia-inducing Cavitational osteonecrosis. Oral Surg 1991; 72:582. (research abstract)
8. McMahon RE, Griep J, Marfurt CP. Local anesthetic effects in the presence of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible. J Orofacial Pain 1992; 7:116. (research abstract)
9. McMahon RE, Griep J, Marfurt CP. Local anesthetic effects in the presence of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible. Anesth Prog 1991; 38:189. (research abstract)
10. Donlon WC. Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis. Oral Surg 1992; 73:319-320. (invited commentary)
11. Bouquot JE. More on neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis (NICO). Oral Surg 1992; 74:348-350. (response to Donlon commentary)
12. Bouquot J, Roberts A. NICO (neuralgia-inducing cavitational
osteonecrosis): radiographic appearance of the “invisible” osteomyelitis. Oral Surg 1992; 74:600. (research abstract)
13. McMahon R, Bouquot J. Corticosteroid use and jawbone osteonecrosis. J Facial Pain, 1993. (research abstract)
14. Bouquot J. In review of NICO (neuralgia-inducing cavitational
osteonecrosis), the invisible “ostoemyelitis” of the jaws. Proceedings of
Parker Mahan International Conference on Facial Pain. Pantke Institute, Gainesville, Florida; April, 1994. (invited review)
15. Bouquot JE. Ischemia and infarction of the jaws – the “phantom” pain of NICO. J Craniomand Pract 1994; 12:138-139. (invited guest editorial)
16. McMahon R, Bouquot J, Mahan P, Gremillion H. Elevated serum peripheral nerve anti-myelin antibody titers in atypical facial pain patients with NICO. J Orofacial Pain 1994; 8:104. (research abstract)
17. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Bouquot JE, Stroop D, Tracy T, Freiberg R, Wang Y, Rabinovich B. The pathophysiology of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the jaws: thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis. Proceedings of Annual Meeting, American Association of Physiology; May, 1995. (research abstract)
18. Bouquot JE, Byron M. Ischemic osteonecrosis of the jaws – histopathology of 2,867 samples from patients with facial pain. Proceedings of Annual Meeting, American Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology; Colorado Springs; May, 1995. (research abstract)
19. Bouquot J, McMahon R, Glueck C. Risk factors in ‘idiopathic’ Osteonecrosis of the jaws: seven of ten NICO patients have hereditary clotting disorders. Proceedings of Annual Meeting, American Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology; Colorado Springs, Colorado; May, 1995. (research abstract)
20. Bouquot J, Adams W, Spolnik K, McMahon R. G.V. Black’s forgotten disease; a necropsy report of ischemic osteonecrosis of the jaws. Proceedings of Annual Meeting, American Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology; Colorado Springs, Colorado; May, 1995. (research abstract)
21. Donlon WC: Discussion. J Oral Maxillofacial Surg 1995; 53:397-398. (invited commentary)
22. Sciubba JJ: Discussion. J Oral Maxillofacial Surg 1995; 53:398-399. (invited commentary)
23. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Bouquot JE, Rabinovich B. Hypofibrinolysis and thrombophilia, pathophysiologic etiologies of osteonecrosis of the jaws and atypical facial neuralgia. J Orofacial Pain, 1995; 9:103. (research abstract)
24. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Bouquot JE, Stroop D, Trent T, Freiberg R, Wang S. Resistance to activated protein C, estrogens, and osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Invest Med 1995; 43 (suppl): 234A. (research abstract)
25. Glueck CJ, Gruppo R, McMahon RE, Bouquot JE, Stroop D, Becker A, Tracy T, Wang P. Anticardiolipin antibodies and osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Invest Med 1995; 43 (suppl 3): 459A. (research abstract)
26. Gruppo R, Glueck C, McMahon R, Bouquot J. Anticardiolipin antibodies, thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis in Neuralgia-Inducing Cavitational Osteonecrosis of jaw. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995; 53(suppl): 84-85. (research abstract)
27. McMahon R, Glueck C, Bouquot J, Rabinovich B. Protein C disorders are risk factors for alveolar osteonecrosis and chronic facial pain. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995; 53(suppl): 169-170. (research abstract)
28. Stewart J: RIIB (Residual Infection In Bone) Project syllabus.
Indianapolis, Indiana: Indiana University, 1985. (research protocol for
extended microbiology, histopathology, surgical therapy research)
29. Bouquot J, McMahon R. Ischemic osteonecrosis of the jaws in 2,023 patients with facial pain. J Oral Pathol Med 1996; 25:271. (research abstract)
30. Bouquot JE, McMahon RE. Ischemic osteonecrosis in facial pain syndromes. TMDiary 1996; 8:32-39. (invited review in the News Journal of the American Academy of Head, Neck and Facial Pain)
31. Bouquot JE, McMahon RE. Ischemic osteonecrosis in facial pain syndromes. Part I: A review of NICO (neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis) based on experience with more than 2,000 patients. Edition 5.3 Morgantown, West Virginia, The Maxillofacial Center; 1996; 1-19. (handout)
32. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Bouquot J, Tracy T, Seive-Smith L, Wang P. Treatment of thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis ameliorates osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Investig Med 1996; 44:375. (research abstract)
33. Hammerschmidt DE. Thrombophilia: taking it on the jaw. J Lab Clin Med 1996; 127:411-412. (editorial)
34. American Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology. Ischemic Osteonecrosis consistent with neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis (NICO). Annual Continued Competency Assurance Examination. Chicago: AAOMP, 1997. (review of clinicopathology of NICO accompanying microscopic case as part of annual exam)
35. Bouquot JE, McMahon RE. Ischemic alveolar osteonecrosis in 2,023 patients with chronic facial pain. J Orofacial Pain 1997; 11:180.(research abstract)
36. Bouquot JE, McMahon RE. Ischemic osteonecrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1997; 84:229-230. (letter editor)
37. Bouquot JE, McMahon RE. Ischemic osteonecrosis of the jaws. Part II: Histopathologic review of NICO (neuralgia-inducing cavitational
osteonecrosis), based on experience with more than 4,000 jawbone biopsy samples. Edition 1.1 Morgantown, West Virginia, The Maxillofacial Center; 1997; 1-22. (handout)
38. Bouquot JE, McMahon RE. Ischemic osteonecrosis in facial pain syndromes. Proceedings of Annual Meeting, American Academy of Head, Neck & Facial Pain; Boston, Massachusetts, August, 1997. (invited review)
39. Bouquot JE, McMahon RE. Ischemic alveolar osteonecrosis in 2,023 patients with chronic facial pain. J Orofacial Pain 1997; 11:180. (research abstract)
40. Denucci DJ, Dionne RA, Chen CC, Meehan SC. SPECT bone scanning in the diagnosis of chronic idiopathic jaw pain. J Dent Res. 1997;76:237. (research abstract)
41. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Bouquot JE. The treatment of thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis ameliorates the pain of osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Orofacial Pain 1997; 11:180. (research abstract)
42. Glueck CJ, McMahon RE, Triplett DA, Bouquot JE, Wang P. The mutant Factor V Leiden gene and thrombophilic resistance to activated Protein C, a common (24%) significant (P = .001) pathoetiology of osteonecrosis of the jaws with chronic facial pain. J Orofacial Pain 1997; 11:179. (research abstract)
43. Haley B. Characterization and identification of chemical toxicants
isolated from cavitational material and infected root canaled teeth: in situ testing of teeth for toxicity and infection. Proceedings of Annual Meeting, International Academy of Oral Medicine & Toxicology; San Diego, California; April, 1997. (invited research summary)
44 Hammerschmidt DE. Thrombophilic osteonecrosis: another chapter. J Lab Clin Med 1997; 130:451-452. (editorial)
45. McMahon RE, Glueck CJ, Bouquot JE, Rabinovich B. Protein C Disorders are risk factors for alveolar osteonecrosis and chronic facial pain. J Orofacial Pain 1997; 11:179. (research abstract)
46. McMahon RE, Glueck CJ, Bouquot JE, Triplett. The prevalence of factor V Leiden and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHF) gene mutations in 87 patients with osteonecrosis of the jaws and chronic facial pain. J Orofacial Pain 1997; 11:179-180. (research abstract)