Root Filling Cements & other root canal medicaments
| Buckley’s Formocresol | Cresol |
| Formaldehyde | |
| Hydrogen Peroxide | AH Plus Paste A AH Plus Paste B |
| Sodium Hypochlorite | Tubli-Seal Base Tubli-Seal Accelerator |
| Chlorhexidine | Pulp Canal Sealer Powder |
| Calcium Hydroxide | Pulp Canal Sealer Liquid |
| Phenol | Ketac-Endo Aplicap |
| Para-chlorphenol | Procosol |
| Camphorated Para-chlorphenol | Gutta Percha Points |
| AH26 Powder | Zinc Oxide |
| Roeko Seal | Sealapex |
| Pro Root MTA | Endomethasone |
| Ferric Sulphate | Dexamethasone |
| N2 | ANTIBIOTICS |
Everything that is placed in a tooth,
either temporarily or permanently,
will migrate out of the tooth
and be transported to every part of the body
Ask your dentist what materials they plan to use for the root canal procedure to clean, disinfect and then seal into your tooth as a filling.
Then go and look at what’s in these materials and their effects on your health. Most are listed here. If they’re not listed here, simply search “MSDS + Product Name”
Medical and dental students, in their second year of university, had to study anatomy. In the 1970s and 80s, this included weekly dissections of cadavers. These bodies were preserved in formaldehyde. The students who were made sick from being in the dissecting rooms, were given no exemption or support. They were just written off as being ‘squeamish’! For the dental students the exposure was compounded by exposure to mercury in the clinics of the dental hospitals. NONE OF US WERE TOLD!
Papers published in dental journals will often conclude that these materials are ‘Biocompatible’. Their use is promoted by ALL dental schools. Dentists rarely read the MSDSs for these materials and blindly do as they are told by their professors. The professors and deans rarely read or pay attention to the MSDSs for these materials. Only the manufacturers set the warnings on these materials.
To dentists who are still doing Root Canals – it’s time to think about what you’re implanting into people’s bodies!
Buckley’s Formocresol – A VERY SPECIAL MATERIAL – Formalin & Cresol
This material was created in the early 1920’s by the past president of the American Dental Association, Dr Buckley. The very same person who tried to rubbish the work of Dr Weston Price. This poison is placed into baby teeth (ie young children) in the procedure called pulpotomy and is sealed in permanently! It will leak into the child’s body 24/7. (RG Comment)
From the MSDS;
Contains: Cresol, Formaldehyde Carc. Harmful by inhalation. Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. Causes burns. Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. May cause sensitization by skin contact. Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
Potential Health Effects:
Eyes: Causes burns to eyes with redness, pain and tearing. Eye damage is possible.
Skin: If spilled on skin, numbness is followed promptly by pain and reddening. Chemical burns are possible. Toxic when absorbed through skin with symptoms similar to ingestion. May cause an allergic skin reaction.
Ingestion: Swallowing causes intense burning of mouth and throat. Cause epigastric pain, muscular weakness, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, collapse, shock, CNS depression, and death. May cause injury to the kidneys, liver, heart, pancreas, and spleen. Symptoms may be delayed.
Inhalation: Inhalation of mists may cause mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract irritation. Toxic when inhaled with symptoms similar to ingestion. May cause an allergic reaction.
Chronic Health Effects: May cause injury to the kidneys, liver, heart, pancreas, lungs, and spleen.
Carcinogenicity: Formaldehyde is listed by IARC as “Carcinogenic to Humans”, (Group 1), by NTP a “Known to be a Human Carcinogen”, by ACGIH as a “Suspected Human Carcinogen” (A2), by the European Union as a Carcinogen Category 3. Cresol Isomers- Possible human carcinogen. Based on an increased incidence of skin papillomas in mice in an initiation-promotion study. The three cresol isomers produced positive results in genetic toxicity studies both alone and in combination. None of the components are listed as a carcinogen by IARC, NTP, OSHA, ACGIH or the EU Substances Directive.
Mutagenicity: No data available
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Employees with pre-existing eye, skin, kidneys, liver, heart, pancreas, lungs, and spleen disorders may be at increased risk from exposure.
Reproductive Toxicity Data: No data available for mixture. In a reproductive study, rats were exposed to 0-40 ppm formaldehyde for 6 hr/days on days 6-20 of gestation. At 40 ppm, maternal toxicity was observed. Formaldehyde is slightly fetotoxic at 20 ppm. Neither embryolethal nor teratogenic effects were observed following inhalation exposure at levels up to 40 ppm.
Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT):
Single Exposure: Exposure to high doses of formaldehyde (>100 ppm) showed salivation, acute dyspnea, vomiting, cramps and death in laboratory animals. Mice treated with formaldehyde on skin developed severe liver damage.
Repeated Exposure: Animal data revealed a qualitative relationship between formaldehyde absorption and hepatotoxicity.
These data indicate that exposure to formaldehyde at 3 ppm or less for periods up to 6 months causes adverse effects upon the liver; higher exposure concentrations for shorter time periods produce similar effects upon the liver
Cresol
Potential Health Effects
Eye: Causes eye burns. May result in corneal injury. Contact with liquid is corrosive to the eyes and causes severe
burns. May cause conjunctivitis and keratitis.
Skin: May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Causes severe skin irritation and burns.
Ingestion: May cause severe and permanent damage to the digestive tract. May cause vascular collapse and damage.
Causes severe digestive tract burns with abdominal pain, vomiting, and possible death. May cause kidney, liver
and spleen damage. Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cresols may cause abnormalities of the
central nervous system, respiratory system, spleen and pancreas.
Inhalation: May be fatal if inhaled. Irritation may lead to chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema. May cause liver and kidney damage. Causes severe irritation of upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty, and possible coma. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract. May cause headache. May cause nausea and possible vomiting.
Chronic: May cause liver and kidney damage. Repeated exposure may cause sensitization dermatitis. May cause appetite loss, diarrhea, skin abnormalities, and digestive tract disturbances.
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Formaldehyde
The main constituent in the root filling material called N2. It too is permanently sealed into the tooth and it too will leak 24/7 into the body.
WARNING: POISON! DANGER! SUSPECT CANCER HAZARD. MAY CAUSE CANCER. Risk of cancer depends on level and duration of exposure. VAPOR HARMFUL. HARMFUL IF INHALED OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. STRONG SENSITIZER. MAY BE FATAL OR CAUSE BLINDNESS IF SWALLOWED. CANNOT BE MADE NONPOISONOUS. FLAMMABLE LIQUID AND VAPOR.
Tumorigen, mutagen, reproductive effector;
Causes burns. Very toxic by inhalation, ingestion and through skin absorption. Readily absorbed through skin. Probable human carcinogen. Mutagen. May cause damage to kidneys. May cause allergic reactions. May cause sensitisation. May cause heritable genetic damage. Lachrymator at levels from less than 20 ppm upwards. Very destructive of mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin.
Acute Exposure; Death if inhaled or absorbed; severe eye irritation and burns. Allergic dermatitis, skin burns; bronchitis pulmonary oedema; headache dizziness nausea vomiting, abdominal pain; blindness.
Chronic Exposure: Nasal Cancer, respiratory tract irritation, reproductive disorders, asthma, dermatitis, multiple organ damage. Carcinogen Toxic fumes of: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide Effects may be delayed Most formulations of formaldehyde also contain Methanol; Repeated or prolonged exposure to methanol could result in visual impairment and central nervous system effects.
KNOWN TO THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA TO CAUSE CANCER.”
Materials used to wash and clean the root canal
-as part of the root canal procedure. These materials are often forced through the end of the root and into the surrounding bone with devastating consequences.
Hydrogen Peroxide
Vapors, mists, or aerosols of hydrogen peroxide can cause upper airway irritation, inflammation of the nose, hoarseness, shortness of breath, and a sensation of burning or tightness in the chest. Prolonged exposure to concentrated vapor or to dilute solutions can cause irritation and temporary bleaching of skin and hair. Exposure to vapor, mist, or aerosol can cause stinging pain and tearing of eyes.
Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans’ (A3)
Causes burns by all exposure routes
Inhalation of vapour may result in mucous membrane irritation of the nose and throat with coughing. At high levels nausea, dizziness and chemical burns to the respiratory tract.
Skin Corrosive. Prolonged or repeated contact may result in drying the skin, rash, dermatitis and chemical burns.
Ingestion Highly corrosive. Ingestion will cause severe chemical burns to the mouth and throat. The rapid releasing of oxygen can cause distension and bleeding of the mucosa in the stomach and lead to severe damage of the internal organs.
Sodium Hypochlorite
Ingestion: May be harmful if swallowed. Will cause severe irritation and corrosion (chemical burns) of the mucous membranes of the mouth, throat and gastrointestinal tract with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and inflammation. Systemic effects include fall of blood pressure, delirium and coma.
Eye: A severe eye irritant will cause stinging, blurring, tearing, severe pain. Causes serious eye damage. Corrosive to eyes, contact can cause corneal burns. Can result in permanent injury.
Skin: Corrosive to skin. May cause skin burns. Contact with skin will cause redness, itching, irritation, severe pain and chemical burns with resultant tissue destruction.
Inhalation: Inhalation of mists or vapours will result in respiratory irritation, cough, shortness of breath and possible harmful corrosive effects including lesions of the nasal septum, pulmonary oedema, pneumonitis and emphysema.
Inhalation causes slight to severe respiratory tract irritation and delayed pulmonary edema. Prolonged or repeated inhalation may cause allergic respiratory reaction (asthma)
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Biocides
These are the chemicals placed into the dead teeth between appointments. They are intended to kill the micro-organisms in the dead tooth. They are sealed in with a temporary filling. They remain in the tooth for usually a week or two and sometimes up to months. They are washed out with water, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide. They include but are not limited to:
Chlorhexidine
Toxicity Data Acute Oral Toxicity : 6300mg/Kg (Mouse – Calculated value for the mixture) Oral Median LD Rat : 2000mg/Kg Acute Oral LD50 Rat : 2000mg/Kg (Chlorhexidine Gluconate) Acute Oral LD50 Mus : 1260mg/Kg
Chronic Effects : The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membrane (human)
Routes of Entry : Eye contact, inhalation, ingestion.
Health Effects –Acute
Swallowed Very hazardous in case of ingestion. May be harmful if swallowed. Accidental ingestion may cause human health damage. It is likely to result in irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Eye Severe irritant to the eye. This material is considered to represent risk of serious damage to eyes.
Skin Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant). It is not expected to cause significant or prolonged irritation by skin contact. Repeated exposure may cause dermal disturbances. It is not expected to cause systemic harmful effects after skin contact. Product is a photosensitiser. This material showed low primary skin irritation potential to rabbit skin. Eczema and leg ulcer patients patch tested with 1% Chlorhexidine Digluconate solutions developed contact dermatitis. Topical applications of solutions in patients have caused urticaria, dyspnea and anaphylactic shock.
Inhaled Hazardous in case of inhalation. The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membrane (human).
Do NOT let product reach waterways, drains and sewers. Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
Calcium Hydroxide
Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant). Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (corrosive), of ingestion, of inhalation. Corrosive to eyes and skin. The amount of tissue damage depends on length of contact. Eye contact can result in corneal damage or blindness. Skin contact can produce inflammation and blistering. Inhalation of dust will produce irritation to gastro-intestinal or respiratory tract, characterized by burning, sneezing and coughing. Severe overexposure can produce lung damage, choking, unconsciousness or death. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching.
Potential Chronic Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant). Repeated exposure of the eyes to a low level of dust can produce eye irritation. Repeated skin exposure can produce local skin destruction, or dermatitis. Repeated inhalation of dust can produce varying degree of respiratory irritation or lung damage.
Phenol
Note; Formaldehyde and Cresol are both Phenolic agents.
Material is extremely destructive to tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin., spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx, spasm, inflammation and edema of the bronchi, pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, burning sensation, Cough, wheezing, laryngitis, Shortness of breath, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Circulatory collapse, tachypnea, paralysis, Convulsions, Coma., necrosis of mouth and G.I. Tract, Jaundice, respiratory failure, cardiac arrest To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
Passes through the placental barrier. May cause adverse reproductive effects and birth defects (teratogenic) Embryotoxic and/or foetotoxic in animal. May affect genetic material (mutagenic)
Target Organs: Pancreas, Respiratory system, Central nervous system (CNS), Central Vascular System (CVS), Eyes, Kidney, Liver, Skin, Eyes, Kidney, Liver, Respiratory system, Skin.
Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Para-chlorphenol
Warning! Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. May cause methemoglobinemia. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause adverse reproductive effects based upon animal studies.
Target Organs: Blood, kidneys, liver, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, blood forming organs, skin.
Potential Health Effects
Eye: May cause eye irritation. Exposure to solid may cause pain and redness.
Skin: Causes severe skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. May cause blistering of the skin.
Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed. May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Harmful if inhaled.
Chronic: May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause methemoglobinemia, which is characterized by chocolate-brown colored blood, headache, weakness, dizziness, breath shortness, cyanosis (bluish skin due to deficient oxygenation of blood), rapid heart rate, unconsciousness and possible death. Adverse reproductive effects have been reported in animals. Toxic to aquatic organisms.
Camphorated Para-chlorphenol
Effect of overexposure: ingestion of even small amounts may cause naruea, vomiting, circulatory collapse, tachypnea, paralysis, convulsions, coma, greenish or smokey brown urine, necrosis of mouth and gastrointestinal tract, icterus, death from respiratory failure, sometimes form cardiac arrest. Average fatal dose is 15 g but death form as little as one gram has been reported. Fatal poisoning may also occur by skin absorption following application to large areas.
Antibiotics
Many antibiotics have been tried in root canals either as dressings or as the main filling inside the tooth. They only kill bacteria if they can reach the bacteria in suitable concentrations. This dosage is unachievable in the dentine tubules and accessory canals. Consequently, the low dosage applied to the bacteria stimulates a resistance in the bacteria to the antibiotic. This increases the already tragic number of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. The medical world struggles with this daily.
Exposure of bacteria to mercury produces both mercury and antibiotic resistance in many bacteria.
Antibiotics administered orally, may be helpful to reduce infection that has spread form the tooth. They will not however be able to do anything to the bugs inside your tooth as the blood supply has been removed and there is no way for antibiotics or the cells of your immune system to enter the tooth.
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Root filling materials –
are permanently implanted into the tooth. They are used to try to seal the canal and maintain the sterility that was not there in the first place. They are placed in the tooth after it has stopped hurting, it no longer smells, and the dentist has run out of time/$ worthiness. Dentistry still does not have any means by which to test the sterility of such a tooth and in other material presented here it is clear that such a dead tooth cannot be sterilised.
The American Association of Endodontists claims that teeth should be “sealed with a sterile, biocompatible material.” [i]
A quick reminder on the technique, is that once the tooth is considered ready to fill, a cement is spun down the root canal to within 1 mm of the end of the root. This cement forms a sort of mortar that holds the bricks in place and supposedly seals any gaps between the bricks. The bricks are made of rubbery points called gutta percha. Often patients are told that the tooth is filled with a ‘natural’ material from rubber – this same gutta percha.
Unfortunately, these little bricks are neither pure gutta percha and nor are they safe. GP points may contain Gutta Percha, Zinc Oxide, Barium Sulphate, Titanium Oxide, Antioxidant, Iron Oxide (Colour agent), and Mastication Agents (a trade secret and not disclosed).
Dentistry has used gutta percha and no other material, to try to seal the canal in teeth for over 100 years. Any of the metals now included in GP points may cause severe autoimmune reactions. [ii] If you happen to be one of those people who are sensitive or allergic to latex, then you should know that you may also be sensitive to gutta percha, as it is derived from latex. I guess it is just too bad if you are sensitive, you will get it implanted into your body anyway, because that is what dentistry teaches. I have seen many patients in this situation. Their health was fine till the root filling was completed. They were even able to tolerate the sterilizing medicaments, but their latex sensitivity finally got them when the GP points were sealed into the tooth. How is this possible if, as the dental profession claims, all of the implanted materials stay sealed in a tooth? The answer is obvious! ALL GP points show high levels of toxicity which is attributed to the leakage of Zinc ions (ZnO) into fluids. [iii] Everything that is placed I a tooth will leak into the surrounding tissues and then the rest of the body. This has been made patently clear by the American Association of Endodontists. “Moreover, scientific evidence has demonstrated that the damage from paraformaldehyde-containing filling materials and sealers is not necessarily confined to tissues near the root canal. The active ingredients of these filling materials and sealers have been found to travel throughout the body and have been shown to infiltrate the blood, lymph nodes, adrenal glands, kidney, spleen, liver and brain.” [iv]
Many cements have been used by dentistry to try to seal the canal. None work. Many are on the market, and it is the decision of the dentist as to which material will be used, like the decision as to which material to use to try to sterilise the tooth. This decision also has NOTHING to do with any scientific support for its efficacy. It is a decision based on supposition, cost, and ease of use, as well as how pretty the dental sales representative is. (no joke).
Zinc Oxide and Euginol (a derivative of oil of cloves) is the traditional root filling cement. It has been around for decades. The extended use of this material is not an indication that it is safe. Zinc Oxide root filling cements release zinc, high levels of which are found in distant organs – liver, kidney, uterus, and brain. AH26 induced changes in calcium levels in these organs[v]
All root filling cements are cytotoxic – they kill cells.[vi],[vii],[viii],[ix],[x],[xi],[xii],[xiii],[xiv],[xv],[xvi],[xvii],[xviii],[xix],[xx],[xxi],[xxii],[xxiii]
Many Root filling cements are Mutagenic – they cause cancer – as published in the Journal of Endodontics in 2000. They cause changes in DNA which “could lead to birth defects or malignant transformation of the tissue” [xxiv]
Many root filling cements are also neurotoxic. This means that they damage nerve tissue. In several studies the materials tested blocked nerve transmission either partially or totally and in some cases the effect was irreversible. [xxv],[xxvi]
“The neurotoxic effects of the root canal filling materials- Endomethasone, N2 Universal, Traitment SPAD, Sealapex, and Calciobiotic Root Canal Sealer (CRCS)-were investigated on isolated rat sciatic nerves after local application.”
“Inhibitory effects of root filling materials on the conduction of action potentials evoked in rat phrenic nerves were evaluated in vitro. Endomethasone and N2 Normal completely and irreversibly inhibited conductance; ProcoSol caused complete but reversible inhibition; Kloroperka N-O caused total inhibition which was sometimes reversed; and AH26 and Diaket showed partial inhibition which was partially reversible.”
A SHORT word on Trigeminal Neuralgia
All materials placed in the tooth will travel throughout the body. Some are transported along nerve fibres directly back to the brain. (Retrograde Axonal Transport). The nerves that innervate the teeth, jaws, gums, and lips derive form one cranial nerve. This is called the Trigeminal Nerve. It arises from a major structure in the brain called the Trigeminal Ganglion. All materials placed in the tooth will easily travel to this major area of the brain.
Is it a wonder that the Trigeminal Nerve is often affected by these toxins? Irritation of this nerve may produce paresthesia, neuralgia and severe pains including Trigeminal Neuralgia.
Trigeminal Neuralgia is not just a big name – it represents pain which is so intense that people have been known to commit suicide. [i],[ii]
The accepted treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia totally ignores the wealth of published literature, which associates this disaster with both dead root treated teeth and also cavitations in the jaw bone. The dental profession simply denies this relationship and thus both the diagnosis and treatment are wrong. Most patients are placed on antidepressants. If this does not work (is it really a surprise?), they are advised to have brain surgery to section the trigeminal nerve from the base of the brain. When this still does not work, the patient is referred to a psychiatrist. These days the pain clinics in some of Sydney’s largest hospitals will not see a patient unless they first have a consultation with a psychologist!
With just a little integrity and acceptance of the published literature, many patients could be spared this outrageous abuse. Would you prefer to have a dead tooth removed, or a hole in the jawbone cleaned, or to undergo brain surgery. There is a wealth of literature, much of it published in the dental journals, which support the position that dead teeth and cavitations, are the main causes of trigeminal neuralgia. [iii],[iv],[v],[vi],[vii],[viii],[ix],[x],[xi],[xii],[xiii],[xiv],[xv],[xvi],[xvii],[xviii],[xix],[xx],[xxi],[xxii],[xxiii],[xxiv],[xxv],
From the Manufacturers
Most products which are to be used inside or on the body are usually accompanied by a written description which must be lodged with the Food and Drug Administration in America and the Therapeutic Goods Administration in Australia. They must be publicly available on demand.
They are called ‘Material Safety Data Sheets” (If you search the net for “MSDS + product name” you will find the full articles.) These materials are placed inside the tooth & left there. These compounds are supposedly “sealed” into the tooth. The problem is that they do not stay there. Everything that is placed in a tooth will spread throughout the body. In fact dentistry has never been able to find a way to ‘SEAL’ a root canal. They will leak from the tooth slowly all of the time – 24hours/day. The same is true for their Decomposition Products.
All materials which are placed in a tooth will spread throughout the body via the blood and the lymph, and also will be transported back to the brain along nerve fibres! Surely this information is critical to making an informed decision about the treatment to be embarked upon. I would like to know if a poison were to be placed in my body. I would expect that most people would want to know if a poison were to be placed in their body.
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AH26 Powder Dentsply DeTrey GmBH
Dangerous Components:
Bismuth (111) Oxide, Methanamine 25%, Silver 10%, Titanium Dioxide 5%
Dangerous Decomposition Products: Formaldehyde, Nitrogen Oxides, ,Ammonia
Warnings: Skin Irritant, Eye Irritant, Sensitization Inhalation and Skin contact
Additional Toxicological Information: Harmful. Irritant. Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities of it to reach ground water, water course or sewage system
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AH26 Resin Dentsply DeTrey GmBH
Contents: Bisphenol-A-diglycidylether
Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and feed.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of work.
Avoid contact with eyes and skin.
Use skin protection cream for skin protection
Warnings: Skin Irritant, Eye Irritant, Sensitization by Skin contact
After Swallowing: Rinse mouth thoroughly and then drink plenty of water. Call a doctor immediately.
Ecological Information: Do not allow product or large quantities of it to reach ground water, water course or sewage system
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Pro Root MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) Dentsply
NOTE:
This material is used to seal the end of a root canal at its apex in the procedure known as Retrograde Root Filling. In other words, it is placed in the bone within a couple inches of your brain. It is a wet area of the body!
All versions of Portland Cement/MTA contained measurable levels of Arsenic, the most toxic substance known to science, followed by Lead in second place and then Mercury in third. These are published in dental journals!
- Gonçalves JL Viapiana R Miranda CE Borges AH Cruz Filho AM Evaluation of physico-chemical properties of Portland cements and MTA. Braz Oral Res (2010 Jul-Sep) 24(3):277-83
- Chang SW Baek SH Yang HC Seo DG Hong ST Han SH Lee Y Gu Y Kwon HB Lee W Bae KS Kum KY Heavy metal analysis of ortho MTA and ProRoot MTA. J Endod (2011 Dec) 37(12):1673-6
- Chang SW Shon WJ Lee W Kum KY Baek SH Bae KS Analysis of heavy metal contents in gray and white MTA and 2 kinds of Portland cement: a preliminary study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod (2010 Apr) 109(4):642-6
- Monteiro Bramante C Demarchi AC de Moraes IG Bernadineli N Garcia RB Spangberg LS Duarte MA Presence of arsenic in different types of MTA and white and gray Portland cement. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod (2008 Dec) 106(6):909-13
- Duarte MA De Oliveira Demarchi AC Yamashita JC Kuga MC De Campos Fraga S Arsenic release provided by MTA and Portland cement. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod (2005 May) 99(5):648-50
From the MSDS: (My Emphasis)
Dangerous Components: Portland Cement Clinker 75%, Gypsum 5%, Bismuth Oxide 20%
Impurities may include Crystaline Silica (Carcinogen), calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium and sodium sulphate compounds
This product contains chemicals (trace metals) known to the state of California to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm.
The major components of Pro Root (calcium silicate compounds, and calcium compounds containing aluminium oxide and gypsum) are considered Hazardous.
Warnings
Exposure to wet substance may cause irreversible skin or eye destruction in the form of chemical third degree burns.
May cause blindness.
Prolonged exposure can cause severe skin damage in the form of caustic chemical burns.
Exposure to moisture will produce caustic calcium Hydroxide.
Pro Root MTA … chemically reacts with water, and some of the intermediate products of this reaction pose a far more severe hazard than does the material itself.
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Ferric Sulphate
NOTE;
This material is now used as the material of choice to seal treat baby teeth, in a procedure called PULPOTOMY. It is placed daily in children’s teeth and bodies. No consideration is given to the systemic effects.
WARNING! HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. AFFECTS THE LIVER.
Skin Protection: Wear impervious protective clothing, including boots, gloves, lab coat, apron or coveralls, as appropriate, to prevent skin contact.
First Aid Measures;
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention.
Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention.
Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse.
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.
Warnings:
Inhalation: Causes irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath.
Ingestion: Low toxicity in small quantities but larger dosages may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and black stool. Pink urine discoloration is a strong indicator of iron poisoning. Liver damage, coma, and death from iron poisoning has been recorded.
Skin Contact: Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching, and pain. May cause skin discoloration with irritation.
Eye Contact: Causes irritation, redness, and pain.
Chronic Exposure: Prolonged exposure of the eyes may cause discoloration. Repeated high exposure could cause too much iron to build up in the body. Symptoms of upset stomach, nausea, constipation and black bowel movements may occur. Chronic exposure may cause liver effects.
Aggravation of Pre-existing Conditions: Persons with pre-existing skin disorders or eye problems, or impaired liver, kidney or respiratory function may be more susceptible to the effects of the substance.
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AH Plus Paste A Dentsply DeTrey GmBH
Eye & Skin irritation, Sensitization by Skin
Warning: contains epoxy resins or amines which may cause Sensitisation in susceptible persons
Ecological Information: Do not allow product to reach ground water, water course or sewage
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AH Plus Paste B Dentsply DeTrey GmBH
Dangerous Components; 113506-22-2 N,N-Dibenzyle-5-oxanoandiamin-1,9 Xn; R 22-36-37-38, 768-94-5 10% amantadine Xn; R 20-21-22-36-37-38 5%Amines, Calcium Tungstate, Zirconium Oxide, Silica, Silicone Oil
Irritant Gases / vapours.
Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Sensitization by Skin
Local and systemic allergic reaction have been reported
Do not allow to enter sewers/surface or ground water. Water Hazard class 2 (German regulation) (Self assessment) : hazardous for water.
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Tubli-Seal Base Kerr Corporation
Mineral oil-not disclosed, Zinc Oxide, Cornstarch, Barium Sulphate, Lecithin
May cause allergic dermatitis. Latex gloves to avoid skin contact recommended
Inhalation: Prolonged exposure may cause drowsiness
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Tubli-Seal Accelerator Kerr
4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol (Euginol oil of cloves), Thimol, Iodide, Dimeric acid resin
Skin and Eye irritant. May cause allergic dermatitis
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Pulp Canal Sealer Powder Kerr
Silver Powder, Zinc Oxide, Thymol Iodide
Eye and Skin Irritant
Allergic Dermatitis
May cause Drowsiness
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Pulp Canal Sealer Liquid Kerr Corporation
4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol (Euginol oil of cloves), Balsam Resin,
Eye and Skin Irritant
Allergic Dermatitis
May cause Drowsiness
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Ketac-Endo Aplicap ESPE
Glass Ionomer
Eye irritation
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Roeko Seal Automix Roeko Dental
Polydimethylpolymethylhydrogensiloxane, Silicone oil, Paraffin Oil, Zirconium Dioxide, Hexachoroplatinic acid,
Procosol Dentalez Inc.
Zinc Oxide, Bismuth Subcarbonaate, Hydrogenated Resin, Sodium Borate, Barium Sulphate, Euginol Liquid,
Decomposes to: Toxic Sodium Oxide, Carbon Monoxide, , Carbon Dioxide
Eye and skin irritation
Dermatitis
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A little note from me;
Gutta Percha Points
are the “Bricks” that are placed in the canal to try to seal it. They are inserted after the cement is spun into the canal.
Patients are usually NOT informed that they are Latex based. If you have a latex allergy you may have serious consequences to your health from having these inserted into your tooth.
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Natural GP tm Septodont
Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone acetate, Thymol Iodide, Paraformaldehyde, Barium Sulphate, Radio-opaque excipient (not known), Euginol, Peppermint Oil, Anise Oil, Zinc Oxide
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N2
This material is a disaster of unequalled proportion. See the Formaldehyde Page to read more about this. There is lots to get your head around with this one.
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“WARNING: …………..contains therapeutic agents known to be potentially Neurotoxic.”
“Therefore due to the known toxicity of Paraformaldehyde in particular, the paste should be confined to the root canal and should not penetrate nor be extruded beyond the apex.”
A short name for the most dangerous of all root filling cements. This material is used widely in the UK and most poorer countries and those with a National Dental Health Scheme, as well as the USA.
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Zinc Oxide
Euginol, Formaldehyde, Peanut Oil
Formaldehyde is a potent carcinogen.
Many people are seriously allergic to peanut oil
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Sealapex (Base & catalyst) Kerr Corporation
Isobutyl Salycilate Resin
Silicon Dioxide
Barium Sulphate
Titanium Dioxide Pigment
N-ethyl Toluene solfanamide resin
Zinc Oxide
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Endomethasone
Contains: Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone acetate, Paraformaldehyde, Thymol Iodide, Barium Sulphate, Radio-opaque excipient, , Euginol, , Peppermint Oil, Anise Oil, Zinc Oxide
“WARNING: …………..contains therapeutic agents known to be potentially Neurotoxic.” “Therefore due to the known toxicity of Paraformaldehyde in particular, the paste should be confined to the root canal and should not penetrate nor be extruded beyond the apex.” Can cause allergy
Dexamethasone A component of Endomethasone above
Experimental teratogen. Signs of overdose include retinal toxicity, glaucoma, subcapsular cataract, gastrointestinal bleeding, pancreatitis, aseptic bone necrosis, osteoporosis, myopathies, obesity, edemas, hypertension, proteinuria, diabetes, sleep disturbances, psychiatric syndromes, delayed wound healing, atrophy and fragility of the skin, ecchymosis, and pseudotumor cerebri.
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References
[i] Shklar , Person, Ratner. Oral pathology and Trigeminal Neuralgia III J Dent Res. 1976;55(B):299
[ii] Ratner E., Langer., Evins M., alveolar Cavitational Osteopathosis manifestations of an infectious process and its implications in the causation of chronic pain. J Periodoontal 1986;57:593-603
[iii] Bouquot JE, Roberts AM, Person, P, et al. The histopathology of neuralgia-inducing Cavitational osteonecrosis (NICO). J Dent Res 1989; 68:952.
[iv] Bouquot JE Roberts AM Person P Christian J Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis (NICO). Osteomyelitis in 224 jawbone samples from patients with facial neuralgia [see comments]
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol (1992 Mar) 73(3):307-19;
[v] Bouquot J, Roberts A. NICO (neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis): radiographic appearance of the “invisible” osteomyelitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1992; 74:600.
[vi] Bouquot JE Christian J Long-term effects of jawbone curettage on the pain of facial neuralgia. J Oral Maxillofac Surg (1995 Apr) 53(4):387-97; discussion 397-9
[vii] Fracica F Brickman J LoMonaco CJ Lin LM Trigeminal neuralgia and endodontically treated teeth. J Endod (1988 Jul) 14(7):360-2
[viii] Graff-Radford SB, Simmons M, Fox L, et al. Are bony cavities exclusively associated with atypical facial pain and trigeminal neuralgia? Proceedings, Annual Meeting, Western USA Pain Society, 198
[ix] Grecko Puzin., odontogenic Trigeminal Neuralgia . Zh Nevropathol
Psikhiatr 1984;84:1655-8
[x] Jiao X., Meng Q., the influences of pathologic bone cavty of jaw bone on eatiology of Trigeminal Neuralgia . Acta Acad Med Sichaun 1982;12(3): 243-7
[xi] Mathis B., Oatis G., Grisius R., “Jaw bone cavities associated with
facial pain syndromes’ Military Med. 146 (1981)
[xii] Mortang W.,. Xiwei J., et al. “A study between the relation of the
various trigger zones of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia and jaw bone cavities,” Acta Acad Med Sichuan 13(3) 1982
[xiii] Ratner EJ Person P Kleinman DJ Shklar G Socransky SS Jawbone cavities and trigeminal and atypical facial neuralgias. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol (1979 Jul) 48(1):3-20
[xiv] Ratner EJ, Langer B, Evins ML. Alveolar Cavitational osteopathosis — manifestations of an infectious process and its implication in the causation of chronic pain. J Periodontol 1986; 57:593-603.
[xv] Rhodus: J Okla Dent Assoc (1983 Summer) 74(1):9, 11-2 Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia associated with residual bone cavities.
[xvi] Roberts AM Person P Etiology and treatment of idiopathic trigeminal and atypical facial neuralgias. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol (1979 Oct) 48(4):298-308
[xvii] Roberts: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol (1984 Aug) 58(2):121-9 Further observations on dental parameters of trigeminal and atypical facial neuralgias.
[xviii] Shankland WE. Osteocavitational lesions (Ratner bone
cavities): frequently misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia-a
case report. J Craniomand Pract 1993; 11:232-234.
[xix] Shankland 1993 Cranio 11:232-236.(8242788) Osteocavitation lesions (Ratner bone cavities): frequently misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia-a case report.
[xx] Shaber E., Krol A., “Trigeminal Neuralgia – a new treatment concept” Oral Surg, Oral Med., and Oral Path. 49(4)1980
[xxi] Shklar , Person, Ratner. Oral pathology and Trigeminal Neuralgia III J Dent Res. 1976;55(B):299
[xxii] Socransky SS, Stone C, Ratner E. Oral pathology and trigeminal
neuralgia. III. Microbiologic examination. J Dent Res 1976; 55(B):300.
[xxiii] Wang M., et al a study of the various relation between the trigger zones of idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia and jaw bone cavities. Acta Acad Med Sichaun 1982;13(3):233-8
[xxiv] Xiwei J. Quinrong I., the influence of pathological bone cavities of jaw bone on the etiopathology of trigeminal neuralgia. Acta Acad Med Sichuan 12(2) 1981
[xxv] Yang J Simonson TM Ruprecht A Meng D Vincent SD Yuh WT Magnetic resonance imaging used to assess patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod (1996 Mar) 81(3): 343-50
[ii] www.melisa.org
[iii] E. Pascon In Vitro Cytotoxicity of root canal filling materials. J. Endo. Vol 16 No 9 1990
[iv] https://www.aae.org/specialty/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/06/paraformaldehydefillingmaterials.pdf
[v] In 1995, Economedes[v] studied four different root filling cements. They are amongst the most popular used at present – AH-26, Roth 811, CRCS, Sealapex all caused mild to severe tissue irritation;
Roth 811, CRCS induced zinc redistribution to different organs (liver, kidney, uterus, brain;
AH-26 (induced changes in Ca content in some organs). Economedes showed that zinc was distributed from root canals filled with CRCS and Roth 811. High levels were found in the brain, kidney, liver and uterus.
[vi] B. Briseno J. Endo. 16:8 1990
[vii] R. Gerosa et al J. Endo 21:9 1995
[viii] Peltola M Salo T Oikarinen K Toxic effects of various retrograde root filling materials on gingival fibroblasts and rat sarcoma cells. Endod Dent Traumatol (1992 Jun) 8(3):120-4
[ix] Chong BS Ford TR Wilson RF Radiological assessment of the effects of potential root-end filling materials on healing after endodontic surgery. Endod Dent Traumatol (1997 Aug) 13(4):176-9
[x] Chong BS Owadally ID Pitt Ford TR Wilson RF Cytotoxicity of potential retrograde root-filling materials. Endod Dent Traumatol (1994 Jun) 10(3):129-33
[xi] Arenholt-Bindslev D Horsted-Bindslev P A simple model for evaluating relative toxicity of root filling materials in cultures of human oral fibroblasts. Endod Dent Traumatol (1989 Oct) 5(5):219-26
[xii] Geurtsen W Leyhausen G Biological aspects of root canal filling materials– histocompatibility,cytotoxicity, and mutagenicity. Clin Oral Investig (1997 Feb) 1(1):5-11
[xiii] Chong BS Ford TR Kariyawasam SP Tissue response to potential root-end filling materials in infected root canals. Int Endod J (1997 Mar) 30(2):102-14
[xiv] Ersev H Schmalz G Bayirli G Schweikl H Cytotoxic and mutagenic potencies of various root canal filling materials in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells in vitro. J Endod (1999 May) 25(5):359-63
[xv] Zhu Q Safavi KE Spangberg LS Cytotoxic evaluation of root-end filling materials in cultures of human osteoblast-like cells and periodontal ligament cells. J Endod (1999 Jun) 25(6):410-2
[xvi] Pascon EA Spangberg LS In vitro cytotoxicity of root canal filling materials: 1. Gutta- percha. J Endod (1990 Sep) 16(9):429-33
[xvii] Chong BS Pitt Ford TR Kariyawasam SP Short-term tissue response to potential root-end filling materials in infected root canals. Int Endod J (1997 Jul) 30(4):240-9
[xviii] Briseno B Willershausen B Sonnabend E [The effect of root canal filling materials on gingival fibroblast cultures] Einfluss verschiedener Wurzelfullmaterialien auf Gingivafibroblastenkulturen. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed (1991) 101(3):294-8
[xix] Lambrecht JT Panzer G [The toxicity of root-canal filling materials in primary osteoclast cell cultures (see comments)] Die Toxizitat von Wurzelfullmaterialien in primaren Osteoklasten- Zellkulturen. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed (1995) 105(7):899-906
[xx] Tsuzuki N A histopathological study of various root canal filling materials. Showa Shigakkai Zasshi (1990 Jun) 10(2):196-202
[xxi] Torabinejad M Ford TR Abedi HR Kariyawasam SP Tang HM Tissue reaction to implanted root-end filling materials in the tibia and mandible of guinea pigs. J Endod (1998 Jul) 24(7):468-71
[xxii] Maseki T Yasumura K Nanba I Kobayashi F Nakamura H Alterations in macrophages after exposure to root canal filling materials. J Endod (1996 Sep) 22(9):450-4
[xxiii] Kundzinia RS Komnova ZD Volozhin AI [The periodontal reaction to root canal obturation with different filling materials] Reaktsiia periodonta na zapolnenie kornevogo kanala raznymi plombirovochnymi materialami. Stomatologiia (Mosk) (1993 Jan-Mar) 72(1):4-7
[xxiv] Journal of Endodontics: Volume 26(6) June 2000 pp 321-324 The Mutagenic Potential of AH+ and AH26 by Salmonella/Microsome Assay Jukiç, Silvana DDS; Miletiç, Ivana DDS; Aniç, Ivica DDS, PhD; Britviç, Smiljana PhD; Osmak, Maja PhD; Sistig, Suzana DDS
[xxv] Neurotoxic effects of root filling materials on rat phrenic nerve in vitro. Brodin P Roed A Aars H Orstavik D [J Dent Res (1982 Aug) 61(8):1020-3 ]
[xxvi] Comparative neurotoxic effects of root canal filling materials on rat sciatic nerve. Serper A Ucer O Onur R Etikan I [J Endod (1998 Sep) 24(9):592-4 ]